Fire Point Definition in Chemistry

Is North Windsor High School - 987 Words

We are currently living in a digital age where our students are notably technologically proficient. This poses a challenge with how some of our students are currently learning (or trying to learn) in our classrooms. Many students have grown tired of reading dense texts for homework assignments and tired of listening to long, boring lectures from teachers at school. The way in which students are currently analyzing and interpreting texts that they read and videos that they watch have not been up to our standards here at North Windsor High School. The thing is, a lot of our teachers are also struggling between teaching with both print text and by digital means. North Windsor High School acknowledges the fact that many seniors graduate not having the digital skills and print text literacy necessary to lead successful lives after high school. We are beginning to implement some changes with our teaching methods and hope to incorporate technology and print text in different and more en gaging ways. Many of our students have smartphones, laptops, and tablets they use throughout the school day for school work. While some students depend on their devices to look up the current fashion trends and football stats, we feel that technology has also enabled students to think in a different way. Many students are quick on their feet to Google information to prove their friend wrong, send texts and emails in less than 10 seconds, and get excited when they are allowed to use theirShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Windsor Football Team889 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"Losers talk about losing and winners talk about winning.† Wise words from The North County coach, a High school football team that we played earlier in the season. This regular season was more of a bust for the Windsor football team than anything. After putting up a decent season last year going 4-6, but leading the area in total offense, Windsor had high hopes for this season. Unfortunately Windsor dropped off and not only had one of the worst defenses in the area, but also one of the worse offencesRead MoreInequality Between Aboriginals and Non-Aboriginals Living in Canada872 Words   |  4 Pagestimeline of events and the laws implemented since the arrival of the Europeans in North America it can be considered a miracle that so many aspects of the rich culture and tradition of these people have survived to see today. It is a blessing that these people have been able to pass down the languages, cultural and societal beliefs, as well as their stories from generation to generation so that the people of North America and the world today may be able to know and study these civilized and multifacetedRead MoreHow Immigrants Have Benefited North America1827 Words   |  8 Pagesdiverse world. Over the past 16 years, there has been many immigrants that moved to North America. Immigrants are people who go through governmental paperwork to travel to a different country and live there as a new citizen. There are numerous things that immigrants have provided for everyone in various environments. Immigrants have benefitted North America very much since the year 2000. Immigrants have benefited North America by helping people on a personal level, contributing to the economy, and creatingRead MoreBeyond the Bean639 Words   |  3 Pagespm weekdays and until midnight on weekends - A few months later hopefully they could hire additional staff - Maximum capacity of 50 customers The Industry - Unemployment in the city 8.8% higher than any other major city in Ont. Other than Windsor - Loss of discretionary spending, but this can be an inexpensive form of recreation - Even during the recession the growth rate of 20 % annually during the last decade in the US, similar to Canada (assumption) - Board game popularity increasedRead MoreHartford, City That Has Developed Into A Concentric Zone Fashion Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Commuter Zone. Each zone consists of different qualities that can all be found in Hartford. Hartford is very similar to Chicago based on the description of Chicago given by Dr. Burgess. Just like Chicago, Hartford is also a city that has a high crime rate. The first zone is the Central Business District. This zone is a majority of non-residential buildings and has an emphasis on business and commerce. Downtown Hartford would be considered a central business district. This zone also has aRead MoreHow Immigrants Have Benefited North America1916 Words   |  8 Pagesyears, there have been many immigrants that moved to North America. Immigrants are people who go through governmental paperwork to travel to a different country and live there as a new citizen. There are numerous things that immigrants have provided for everyone in various environments starting in the year 2000. ((Immigrants have benefitted North America very much since the year 2000.)useless info + waste of a sentence)) Immigrants have benefited North America by helping people on a personal level, contributingRead More pharmacy technician Essays1030 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity Pharmacies - Health clinics - Hospitals - Doctor?s Offices - Pharmaceutical Companies Educational Background: In order to become a pharmacy technician, you should take math, chemistry, and biology courses in high school. After receiving your high school diploma, you should complete a program specifically for pharmacy technicians. These programs are offered at community colleges and also at technical institutions and they can take anywhere from five months to two years to completeRead MoreLEADERSHIP—WHAT IS IT?13338 Words   |  54 Pagesleadership is about influencing a group of people who are engaged in a common goal or purpose. This can be a small Center for 1 01-Rowe-45233.qxd 3/26/2007 12:53 PM Page 2 2 †¢ CASES IN LEADERSHIP Management Development in a business school with a staff of four, a naval ship with a ship’s company of 300 (a destroyer) or 6,000 (an aircraft carrier), or a multinational enterprise such as Starbucks with more than 10,500 stores worldwide and in excess of 100,000 partners (employees). ThisRead MoreLego: Building for the Future1964 Words   |  8 PagesTable I m p a c t s i g n s o f p o r t e r ’s f o r c e s Sign Impact Moderate Positive Negative Negative Bargaining power of buyer Bargaining power of supplier Threat of substitutes Threat of new entrants Moderate Low High High Internal rivalry High Negative Note:- As most of the forces in this model are negative therefore the industry in which LEGO operates is unattractive industry Goals Objectives Desire to stimulate children s creativity ‘Creativity unlimited†¦Read MoreThe Importance of Uk Visitor Attractions to Tourism. Essay examples2083 Words   |  9 PagesTowers; these are 70% of people from Staffordshire because they are flexible. Promoting cultural exchange- Britain’s culture is the kings and queens such as the Royal Family. The UK also has landscapes and castles such as Warwick castle and the Windsor castle. There are other festivals that also take place in the UK such as the Glastonbury festivals and also T4 on the beach. Other traditional British culture is the food, such as fish and chips and the Sunday roast and the mince pies. Other traditions

Miscarriages of Justice Free Essays

â€Å"It’s a general problem not specific to the law of the United Kingdom a criminal justice system characterized by an emphasis on crime control rather than due process will inevitably produce miscarriage of justice. † In an imaginary world the law would always give the correct results but in a real world it’s the other way. When they don’t which way do they tend to err? Which way do we want to err? We want the law to err on the side of acquitting guilty people rather than convicting ones. We will write a custom essay sample on Miscarriages of Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is generally accepted that the price of a fair Criminal Justice System will be acquittal on a technicality of those who have committed criminal offences or because of a failure of evidence, where as conviction of the innocent is never acceptable and should it arise speedy measures should be taken to rectify the injustice. The criminal law must be enforced efficiently by the agencies to police the criminal law. There are two main values that influence the criminal Justice System, the crime control model which focuses to free society from crime and the due process model which focuses on individual liberties to be protected. The crime control model ensures that a civilized society can protect all of its citizens from victimization by criminals. But whether this has happened is questionable because when the Criminal Justice System is tilted more towards crime control there is a chance of an innocent person being convicted of a crime he never committed thus forming a miscarriage of justice. In recent times countries like United Kingdom, America, Canada and Ireland have tilted more towards crime control mainly because of the terrorist attacks that shook those nations. Moreover the racial attitude in the police and also in the society has led the crime control to be harsh on the society. The miscarriages that happen maybe due to discriminatory police practices, it may be due to incompetent scientific evidence or the over-reliance of the court on expert testimony. Where mistakes, made by those who have power within the process so this power when abused can have critical consequences. The protection of innocent remains fundamental to the process of justice and for many the sole purpose, it should not be absolute according to Ashworth (1998). The acquittal of guilty persons can also be seen as a miscarriage of justice. The process of justice is one marked by the use of agency and individual discretion, most notably by the police. Both the due process and crime control models allow for that discretion, although the former does seek legislative means for reducing its use and influence. The crime control model relies on presumption of guilt, the recognition that victims should have more rights than the accused, belief that prison and other punishment must be unpleasant in order to work, belief that sentences must be long to protect the public and belief that keeping order on the street is more important than following the letter of the law. The crime control model is about focusing the purpose of the Criminal Justice Process on the demands of the majority of citizens who are law abiding. It seems clear that the current Criminal Justice Process was designed for the much lower level of crime that existed in the past and is too bureaucratic, time consuming and inefficient to deal effectively with the sheer volume of crime that now exists. This system demands a high level of informal fact finding, the case is dealt with outside of the formal court setting as much as possible. The model rightly assumes that offenders â€Å"rights are less important than victim rights and justice is for the majority of law abiding citizens not for the minority of repeat offenders. This model of justice accepts that there will be a few aberrant cases where the innocent are convicted, but this is justified by the notion that crime control overwhelmingly achieves the greater good for the majority. At the international level miscarriage of justice is the subject of norms but its meaning is imprecise. Lord Phillip and Brown presume ‘the man on the street would define ‘miscarriage of justice’ as the conviction of the innocent. It was stated in the Court of Appeal case of Exp. Bateman(1994) that man might define the term more broadly, to include those convicted when they should not have been. In countries the policing the law we see that more power has been vested in the police which is one reason for the crime control model to cause miscarriages of justice. Specially in America after the 9/11 terrorist attack the government has taken measures to prevent crimes as much as possible. The 9/11 attack not only influenced the government but influence the society to look at people an a suspicious way. For example after the 9/11 attack a muslim person, with his beard and his dress code, walks in the street with a bag on his hand or back, people look at him as if he is a terrorist with a bomb. This view of society should change for it is society that subjects the police and the government to undue pressure. In 2005 the terrorist attack in London (7/7) killed 56 people and 700 were injured. This was the largest and deadliest terrorist attack in London in history. It is clear that law enforcement agencies powers have increases with the statutes that have been implemented. The Terrorist Act 200 created a power to carry out blanket stop and searches. The Anti- Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 introduced new powers for the Treasury to freeze terrorist funds and control orders on terrorist suspects can be imposed under the Terrorism Act 2005. The Terrorist Act 2006 gives police the power to detain terrorist suspects up to 28 days. Not only the acts gave the police powers but it always helped them misuse it. The Police Reform Act 202 supplements existing police powers which follow the established trend towards broadening powers of law enforcement agencies and diluting the safeguards for the suspect. The ‘war on terror’ is now a common feature of crime prevention and detection in United Kingdom. Police appear to tour the streets in far greater numbers than they did prior to 9/11 and 7/7 attacks. More over there is an issue as to an ethnic minority in the law enforcement agencies. Local communities, where those being policed have felt for some years that powers possessed by the police have become too intrusive and are being used in a discriminatory way to target particular groups within the community. Research has shown that that Black and Asian people are more likely to be stopped under the provisions of the Terrorism Act 2000 than white people. When police powers are increased for the protection of citizens from terrorist attack they need to be employed even more carefully to ensure that citizens do not become as vulnerable to the police as they do to the terrorist attack. However increased powers of policing maybe necessary to contain the threat of terror and to ensure national security is maintained. Recent cases have showed that where police and other agencies have made a mistake or has been misused their powers there has been a miscarriage of justice. In Dabilola Taylor’s case it was observed how lack of techniques and skills on the part of the investigating officers resulted in bringing to justice who killed Dabilola. In Stephen Lawrence case it was proved that there was racism in the police force. In Confait it was revealed that the conviction based on confession had been made subject to oppression. Jean Charles de Menezes was shot by the Metropolitan Police armed forces who believed he was a terrorist but later found out he was not. Moreover the changes that have been taken place within the statutes also may cause a miscarriage of justice. In Sam Hallam’s case the witness’s evidence was not inconsistent with the earlier evidence. The long standing rule at common law was that where a witness’s testimony in court was inconsistent with a previous statement, it could not be treated as evidence as to the truth of its contents. Juries could not take account of the contents of such statements in reaching their verdict. This rule was changed by section 119 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 which now allows previous inconsistent statements to be admitted in evidence. Reforms and recommendations have been implemented to reduce the rate of crime and not let an innocent person be guilty of a crime he never committed. The Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996 came into force The CCRC is charged with reviewing convictions and sentences referring them to the appropriate court if it finds a â€Å"real possibility† that the court will judge a conviction unsafe or a sentence excessive. The CCRC covers England Wales and Northern Ireland and receive almost 1000 new applications each year. One could say that the implementation of the CCRC has been a big impact because it gives the proper result. The CCRC first review was that of Derek Bentley where the Court of Appeal quashed the conviction unsafe, which was a victory for the commission but not for Derek Bentley, who was hung way back in 1953. The commissions do produce good result but the fact is that it takes a long time to deliver the goods. Many reforms have been implemented in recent years have eliminated or significantly reduced the number of wrongful convictions arising as a result of or permitted because of lax procedures, notably Police and Criminal Evidence Act and the rules on the disclosure of evidence by the Crown. According to Roskill report crime control strategies tend to stress towards The English System has been charactarised in some ways by the move from crime control to due process over the last 15-20 years. It is notable that the society wants to be free of crime and also they need their liberties to be protected but it is hard thing to achieve. All of human activity, the criminal justice included is imperfect and sadly justice will not always prevail. Some of the causes are beyond the criminal justice agencies or even the content of procedural rules and substantive law. As the cases show the crime control model does causes more miscarriage of justices. Therefore it is rightly to conclude that a criminal justice system characterized by an emphasis on crime control rather than due process will inevitably produce miscarriages of justice. How to cite Miscarriages of Justice, Papers

Accountable Care Organizations free essay sample

The Next generation of Healthcare in America| | Accountable Care Organizations and the National Healthcare System The Next Generation of Healthcare in America National healthcare has been a hot button issue around dinner tables in America for years. Everyone seems to have an option on what will or will not work, how our county will afford it and what a plan would entail. Although we are unsure of how a plan would affect the country or the average American. Whether one is for or against the current healthcare plans that have been put in place by our government, We can all agree that the need for a national healthcare system is due to rising healthcare cost, the rapidly rising rate of uninsured American in our county and the rising cost of the average insured healthcare premiums through their employer based healthcare coverage plan. Accountable Care Organizations Could be part of the answer to the healthcare puzzle ACO’s offer a several befits to help to help curb spending and over utilization of healthcare by setting accountability, quality, and Healthcare standards. We will write a custom essay sample on Accountable Care Organizations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page No one can argue that the United States of America has a grave need for some type of national healthcare system one reason for this is the rapidly rising cost of health care. The rising cost of healthcare is due to several factors. The main causes are technology, prescription drugs, chronic diseases, aging populations, and rising administrative cost. The cost of technology and prescription drugs has sky rocketed over the last several years. Analysts agree that the rising demand for the development of technology driven services and prescription drugs whether they are more effective than previous technologies and drugs or not has a large direct effect on the total healthcare cost. Consumers are demanding availability of these more expensive technologies and drugs as they are developed, even if they are not as cost effective as other services that are available. United States Congress) Accountable Care Organizations Could help reduce some of the overall expenses of the current healthcare model. ACO’s are based on a quality metric system where payment delivery reform is tied to provider reimbursement quality. They do this by looking at the reduction of the total healthcare cost of a given population. ACO’s use a range of different reimbursement models like fee for service and captioned Payments, it is believe that becau se of this fee schedule providers will focus more on quality of care and less on amount of patients cared for. Providers are then held accountable to third party payer for their appropriateness, efficiency, and overall quality provided. Medicare states that an accountable Care Organization is, an organization of health care providers that agrees to be accountable for the quality, cost, and overall care of Medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in the traditional fee-for-service program who are assigned to it. † (Brookings Institution) Chronic diseases and aging populations are also a large cause for the rising cost of healthcare. The nature of health care in the U. S. has changed dramatically over the past century with longer life spans and a greater presence of chronic illnesses. The new ageing population with chronic diseases has placed a tremendous demand on the health care system, particularly an increased need for treatment of ongoing illnesses and long-term care services such as nursing homes. Analysts have gathered that Aging population and People with chronic diseases makes up over 75% of the total healthcare cost In the United States (Centers for Disease control). Rising administrative cost is also affecting the average American healthcare cost. It is estimated that Medicare spends less than 2% on average of their total budget on administrative cost while the privately insured system spend an estimated 7% of healthcare spending on administrative cost. Some analyst argues that the mixed public-private system creates overhead costs and large profits that are fueling health care spending (history of healthcare). Accountable Care Organizations can help curb over s spending with the use of accountability factors that have been put in place. Because of the span of an ACO, the population it will oversee, and the size of the group of healthcare providers overseeing the patients needs there will be an elimination of duplicated and unnecessary healthcare service. This will also flow into their quality model of patient care where they have put in place checks and balances to make sure that a patient medical needs are being looked after to the highest standard, if providers do these effectively they will receive financial incentives. Secondly the rapid rate of uninsured Americans in the United States largely contributes to the overall cost of healthcare as well as health insurance and every American is affected. In 2004 the total cost of healthcare for the uninsured in the United States was (including both those without coverage for all or part of the year) almost $125 billion and there were 44 million Americans who were uninsured. Of the total healthcare cost accrued in 2004 by uninsured Americans uncompensated or unpaid healthcare is estimated to be $40. billion dollars. The federal government pays for over two-thirds of this by making payments to hospitals in the form of Disproportionate share hospital (DSH) payments—payments intended to offset losses hospitals. These payments are appropriated when hospitals incur large shares of their patients that are unable to pay their hospital bills (Kiser commission). Over all this cost every single American, because we have to pay more taxes and health insurance cost rises to offset the under payment of others. Under the national healthcare bill that has currently been put in place every American will need to be insured. If this bill does go into effect ACO’s will allow the united states a way to Manage large populations and monitor healthcare cost and disease in geographic areas more effectively. (Accountable Care Stories) Lastly the Sky rocketing cost of healthcare premiums is affecting every insured American As well. Most Americans who have insurance are insured through their employer, nearly 160 million. The average cost of a family policy now exceeds $13,000 a year, having doubled over the last decade. Employees are not only paying more than their share of premiums — $3,515 a year, on average they are getting less coverage for the money. Employee’s out-of-pocket contributions are increasing through higher annual deductibles and co-payments. It is also estimated that if this trend continues these increases would translate to the average policy for a family costing around $24,000 a year in the span of one decade. (Kaiser family foundation). Accountable care Organizations should also aid in reducing the overall cost of our healthcare. Because of the standards put in place by ACO’s, there should be a reduction of services that are unnecessary and not beneficial to the patient. The goal of the Organization and its creators is to reduce healthcare cost, by placing the emphasis of care back on quality and not on the amount of people seen or service provided in bulk. By providing quality healthcare services the patients should see reduced insurance premiums. (Shannon Cliff, and Karen Wolk Feinstein PhD. In closing although everyone cannot agree on a national healthcare system to put in place the facts are that the system that we currently have in place is very broken and does not offer all the things that the average American needs within its limits and terms at an affordable cost.

ISO standards implementation on TQM strategies at Sheik Khalifa Hospital

HR planning and recruitment

HR planning and recruitment MFI-B was an NGO micro finance organization that was dealing with community development activities and formation through the advancement of loans to its clients. MFI-B got its funds from different organizations. Its main business strategy was an expansion in the form of its loan portfolio. With this, this organization could increase its borrowing capacity to its clients and ultimately alleviate poverty in the community.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on HR planning and recruitment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The leadership of the organization was very weak and inexperienced in matters to do with financial planning and budgeting. This is because; the community leader overtook leadership role without scanning the situation in which the organization was facing, and took up major financial decisions that could adversely affect the organization. I would term the decision to expand the organization’s lending base as a bad move because of its weak accounting system and lack of internal control systems. Introduction of MFI-B in planning (definition, planning, problems, and solutions): Human resource planning involves activities of the organization. The activities make sure that the organization has a work force with the right number of employees now and in the future. It is a management strategy that ensures that the organization achieves its objectives by employing a wok force that is capable of performing its job well. The problems faced by MFI-B are that the organization has a poor planning system of its employees, compensation management, organization structure, staff motivation, training and development. From the case study, the organization is facing labor shortages and this affects the motivation of its employees. The solutions to the problems the organization is facing regarding human resource planning are; first to create a need of human resource planning as part of its core activiti es. Secondly, the organization has to conduct a demand forecast to know exactly how many staff it needs and if there are any shortages. Thirdly, the organization has to carry out supply forecast analysis to determine whether the organization has to recruit labor force from within or from outside the organization. The final step is to determine whether a gap exist between the demand and supply. An action has to be performed in the case where there is a shortage of labor or excess of labor. If there is a shortage of labor, then the organization has to consider recruitment, training and development, motivating, and improving the work environment to retain the existing employees. If, on the other hand, if supply is more than the demand, the organization has to lay off the excess employees or transfer them to other organizations or departments. Introduction of MFI-B in recruitment (definition, planning, problems, and solutions): Recruitment as a human resource activity involves the activ ities directed towards ensuring that the organization achieves its objectives through finding and engaging the correct people. It deals with the definition of recruitment requirements such as person’s specifications, role profiles and outlines the terms and condition of the work.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also includes planning of the recruitment process which covers issues such as planning for the number of employees required, the sources for tapping new employees, planning for alternative sources for tapping of employees and plans for the recruitment programs. The recruitment problems that MFI-B organization is facing include the encouragement of external recruitment to internal recruitment. From the case study, it shows that out of the total recruitment done 60% of those employed are from the external market, and only 40% are from the internal so urces. External sourcing is more expensive to the organization than internal sourcing. This is because of the costs incurred such as induction cost, and the time wasted by the new employees to bond with the existing employees and the time wasted by the new employees as they adjust to the new situation of the job. The organization does not conduct any background checks to determine the suitability of the candidate. To curb the recruitment problems identified, the organization has to encourage internal sourcing to save on the organization costs. The organization also has to conduct a background check for all the potential recruits to enable it to know the suitability of the candidate to handle the job. Introduction of MFI-B in deployment functions (definition, planning, problems, and solutions): Deployment is the strategic and systematic process of placing the employees within an organization with the aim of achieving the goals and objectives of the organization. To achieve the advant ages of deployment, employees joining the organization have to be trained on the roles of the jobs. The organization has to ensure that organizational structures are intact, and all the departments clearly outlined for proper deployment of employees. The problems that MFI-B is facing are lack of well outlined organization structures and thus become a challenge when deploying its employees. Another problem is that the employees from other programs who have come to work at MFI-B receive no training or orientation. The other new comers receive only two days on the job training which is not sufficient. The occasional training offered to the staff has to be planned if the organization wants to achieve its goals. The solutions to the problems addressed above are that the organization has to outline clearly defined organization structures with clearly outlined departments and roles required per department. For the organization to ensure that its employees fit well and adjust to the new org anizational settings, the period of training and orientation of new employees has to be adequate. The organization should also budget for the funds and come up with a well-defined training program to achieve its objectives. Training is an important tool for succession planning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on HR planning and recruitment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Pulmonary fibrosis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pulmonary fibrosis - Research Paper Example Pulmonary fibrosis is a factor that categorizes various forms of acute and chronic interstitial lung disease. The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society classify Interstitial Pulmonary Diseases into seven distinct categories of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD), â€Å"idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), acute interstitial pneumonitis (AIP), respiratory bronchiolitis-associated ILD, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) and lymphocyte interstitial pneumonia† (Lovgren, 2007). The history of pulmonary fibrosis is deeply linked with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). IPF is a subset of ILD. IPD is a form of chronic pulmonary fibrosis where the etiology of the disease is unknown. IPF was first described by Hamman and Rich in 1935 at the John Hopkins Hospital. Later this was found to be a case of acute interstitial pneumonia. The Liebow classifications in 1960 marked a new era f or interstitial lung diseases. It was not until 1980 that the importance of growth factors was taken into consideration. This led to understanding of ILD through abnormal wound healing rather than inflammation. Anatomy of the systems involved The foremost system involved and affected by pulmonary fibrosis is the respiratory system. ... The alveoli are sac like structures that are present at the terminal end of the bronchioles. Alveoli are highly vascularized and are responsible for gaseous exchange. The alveolar wall is about 0.5 µm in thickness. It consist of four layers of cells which are the squamous cells of alveoli, basement membrane of alveoli, basement membrane of the capillaries and squamous cells of capillaries. The intersitium is the space between the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium. It is found to be thin on one side of the capillary, where it consists of basement membranes of the capillary and alveoli. The mechanical strength of the thin side of the blood gas barrier comes from the type IV collagen present in the interstitium. The opposite side of the capillary has an interstitium that is wider and consists of type I collagen with fibroblasts and pericytes. Pulmonary fibrosis affects the intersitium of the alveoli. The disease involves thickening of this interstitium through collagen. In the initial stages, an increased number of lymphocytes and plasma cells are found within the area. These cells are later accompanied by fibroblasts that lay down thick collagen bundles. The functioning of the heart is closely related to respiratory system. The affects of pulmonary fibrosis are evident on the working of the cardiovascular system. Since the tissue is scarred, the heart muscle works harder to pump the same volume of blood through the lungs. As fibrosis continues the risks of heart failure increase. Causes for the disease Pulmonary fibrosis may be caused by a number of factors, the foremost of which are inhalation of environmental agents and results of auto immune disorders. The more common reasons

Performance management is key to achieving sustained competitive Essay

Performance management is key to achieving sustained competitive advantage - Essay Example advantage (Amit & Schoemaker, 1993; Barney, 1991; Schoenecker & Cooper, 1998). Human capital is more mobile than other intangible resources (Teece, Pisano, & Shuen, 1997). Therefore, it may seem an unlikely source of sustained competitive advantage. Hence the organization must search for the means and ways to retain them to achieve completive advantage. Competitive advantage is gained only when the organization selects or develops these resources and structures work tasks and the reward system in ways that motivate the team to perform well and thereby contribute to organizational effectiveness (Guzzo & Shea, 1992). Some organizations reward employees financially when they demonstrate an ability to acquire and master new knowledge (Jenkins & Gupta, 1985; Gerhart, 2000; Lawler, ch-10).Also some studies like, Jackson & Schuler, 2002 considers that organizational structures for rewards improve organizational performance and proves competitive advantage rather than team effectiveness and selection and training. But according to Dobbins, Cardy, Facteau, & Miller, 1993 opinion, system factors are the only constraining influences that restrict individual ability and motivation, and result in lowered performance. Performance management involves enabling people to perform their work to the best of their ability, meeting and perhaps exceeding targets and standards, and hence the PM system involves the following components.1. The focus is on an individual's work.2. There are expectations or standards of performance.3. There are usually two sessions between the employee and the evaluator: one to establish the standards and another to review performance. 4. The evaluator is usually the person who has line management authority over the one evaluated. 5. The evaluation session usually results in some written conclusion--some paper trail regarding the performance of the person reviewed. Corporate Performance Management (CPM) has become a widely adopted strategy execution in the current day corporate scenario with systematic and integrated improvements in the management processes to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. At the core of CPM is A metrics-based strategic planning and execution framework that helps align strategic plans with resource allocation and strategic initiatives Strategic goal alignment through enhanced communication and focusing processes / resources towards organization objectives A structured information based review mechanism that provides the feedback loop and connects strategic planning to operational performance measures Eg: Infosys is a best example to observe the competitive advantage of the company that has achieved through the adoption of CPM approach. Performance management and improvement is observed as Cycle to adopt in the process with certain steps. The practice of Infosys CPM is observed through the following steps of PM cycle. 1. Performance planning: Here

Financial management;Mergers and Acquisition Assignment

Financial management;Mergers and Acquisition - Assignment Example The major reason for citizenship change was to reduce the tax base as it reduced to 26% when both companies combined. Canada usually has a lower tax rate compared to the United States. This move was marred with controversy as many claimed that was tax inversion and it even attracted the attention of president Obama as it was viewed the country’s economy would suffer. Over and above there was no illegality in the relocation hence the company would enjoy lower tax rates ultimately improved the company’s profitability (Shabi, 2012). One of the synergy to be enjoyed by burger king includes revenue synergy. One of the revenue synergy to gain from would be an increase in its market share as by acquiring TimHorton the company also acquired its customers. The company would easy penetrate the Canadian market as TimHorton controlled a large stake of the Canadian market. The acquisition would result to a combined 18000 restaurants in over 100 countries with total sales amounting t o $ 23 billion. Based on burger king would be listed on both the New York stock exchange and Canadian stock exchange. Burger king would also enjoy distribution channels used by TimHorton. Companies buy companies to reach new markets and grow revenues and earnings. A merge may expand two companies marketing and distribution, giving them new sales opportunities. A merger can also improve a companys standing in the investment community: bigger firms often have an easier time raising capital than smaller ones. Burger king would enjoy cost reduction synergies, which include increased economies of scale. The bigger the company the better the purchasing power as size matters. The increase of size would lead to increase in goods sourced from suppliers. Greater quantities would result to increase in discounts offered. This would result in cost reduction and hence increase the organisation productivity. Due to acquisition, there would be reduction of staff, as some would have to lay off to cut

Chinese One Child Policy

Chinese One Child Policy The one child policy of China has been a topic of discussion among many sociologists and economists for years and has been a very controversial topic since it was first introduced. The policy was first introduced in the year of 1980 and was phased out in 2015. Many people believe this was a good thing and perhaps others would disagree. In this research essay, the one child policy will be discussed. China has been a very controlling country for many years, they have been known to have many communism traits in their political and society. The one child policy which was introduced by China in 1980 shows the characteristic and clear illustration of how it has a vast power on its people and shows how its state power is very widespread. Furthermore, the state is in fact ruled by the Communist Party of China (CPC) (Retrieved Nov. 14, 2016, from Wikipedia.org/wiki/China). The Chinese one child policy only allows couples to have one child unless there are certain circumstances which are determined by the government themselves then they might be exempted. (Retrieved Nov 24, 2016, from www.theguardian.com/world/datablog/2015/oct/29/impact-china-one-child-policy-four-graphs). An example of one of circumstances is families who rely on farming as a source of live or income (Hartmann, B. (1995). Reproductive rights and wrongs: The global politics of population control. Boston, MA: South End Press.). I personally completely disagree with this policy as couples should have the right to conceive as much as they want, at the end of the day it is the way of life. I also disagree with this policy because it causes harm in terms of affecting the normal equality of both sexes in society as there could be a lack of males or females due to this. Also, it causes a lack of the younger generation. Moreover, as much is it people conceiving as many as they want could affec t the economy negatively, this one child policy also affected it negatively. 30 years ago, on September 25, 1980, Chinas one-child policy was formally introduced. In a letter from the Chinese Communist Party. Until that date, the government had strongly supported spreading the knowledge of birth control. But using it voluntarily was encouraged and not enforcing anything. China later enforced the law by keeping a very accurate track on the birth registers and those who had more than one child were made to adopt it. Moreover, couples who conceived more than one child were also given fines and were penalized on a very large scale. In some places the fine was a set amount whereas in others its based on a percentage of the violators annual income. (Perry, E. J., Selden, M. (2000). Chinese society: Change, conflict, and resistance. London: Routledge). People who voluntarily accepted the policy or were exempted from it and still agreed to it were sometimes privileged by being given perks such as free water, electricity, gas or a monthly stipend and other perks. After approximately 400m births being stopped and the population growth becoming far too slow, the one child policy was no longer enforced after 35 years as the Chinese government started to realise the lack of the younger generation was a side effect of this issue (Retrieved Nov. 14, 2016, from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34665539). It was realised that this policy was doing a lot of unpredicted harm to the people. China is now recovering its population by removing this policy with hope that these side factors will no longer exist. Meirong Liu and her family are just one example of the millions of families that were affected by Chinas one child policy. Liu always wondered while growing up why she never had a sister or a brother. This lack of a sibling eventually made Liu feel very lonely at times and had negative side effects on her. Other people Liu knew where also severely affected by this policy, they had conceived a second child and they lost their jobs because of it; she also claims she knows people who had to get an abortion. To conclude, now that the one policy has been removed it perhaps might be better for China as it is normal to be allowed to conceive as many children as you wish. Hopefully this will sort out the lack of the young generation and cause equality among both sexes. In the years to come I believe China could be back to a proper functional country and have more stability. References: Nprorg. (2016). NPRorg. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.npr.org/2015/10/31/453509914/how-familes-were-impacted-by-chinas-one-child-policy. New Yorker. (2015). The New Yorker. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-did-the-one-child-policy-change-china-an-interview-with-mei-fong. Economist. (2016). The Economist. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.economist.com/news/china/21678006-small-town-offers-glimpse-what-two-child-china-might-look-now-two-child-policy Hartmann, B. (1995). Reproductive Rights and Wrongs: The Global Politics of Population Control. :

The History of Jamaican Maroons Essay examples -- Slavery Revolt Histo

The History of Jamaican Maroons European colonialism in the Caribbean was dependent upon the use of African slaves as a major source of labor. Inevitably, some of these slaves escaped and formed isolated communities that allowed them to live outside the white-dominated plantation societies that were the norm of the time. These escaped slaves were given the name "Maroon", possibly originating from the term marronage, or slave revolt. These Maroon communities existed in many different areas in the Caribbean, but none were more famous and successful that those of Jamaica. Jamaican Maroons fought the British government for nearly a hundred years beginning from the time of the British occupation of the island and lasting until the 1740’s when the British finally sued for peace with the leaders of these rebel bands. By using guerilla tactics and relying on information and assistance from slaves within the colonial communities, the Maroons were able to engage the British in a conflict for freedom that was not only successful, but also a testament to the resourcefulness and ability of these African warriors. What were the factors that led to the successful campaigns against the British? How were the Jamaican Maroons able to continue their fight in the face of overwhelming man and firepower? Two distinct Maroon societies emerged in Jamaica, both having their own system of leadership and ways of dealing with outside settlements. While the fact remains that both these factions came from the same background of slavery, their differences are both interesting and varied and deserving of a closer look. The earliest Maroons were remnants of the Spanish slaves that were not exported from the island after the defeat and subsequent occupation ... ...t the physical well –being of slaves. If they die, new ones are simply brought in to replace them. The final condition is that of a lack of cohesion among the white ruling class due to a lack of white female presence. The female (and thus family) situation had no opportunity to establish itself because of the lack of white women in Jamaica. This led to an increased ambivalence on the part of most of the white population towards itself. These seven conditions help us understand the ways that a revolt by slaves in Jamaica could and did succeed. The Maroons were a very successful, highly adapted group of runaway slaves that fought for their freedom and achieved it. The two distinct Maroon societies found ways to survive and prosper under difficult and overwhelmingly hostile conditions. The fact that the succeeded is a testament to their pride, ability and commitment.

Political power

Does political power Acquisition always lead to negative outcomes? I do not believe this because it has many gains. Power could be defined as authority and strength which may include any form of physical force or energy, ability to act, or control. Thus, when it comes to political power, power means an ability to control an area or people for specific outcomes. Political power is that form of power that an individual or a society hold and it can be achieved in various methods. This power might be used as a tool to achieve positive outcomes such as bringing the prosperity to the members of society, can positively be used to influence people to take a particular course of action, to suppress any external aggression, power can also be used crash rebellions from within the state and it can also be used in making individuals in a state to stay peacefully and obedient to the states law. Political power might also be used as a tool to produce negative outcomes such as establishing a dictatorship,   can be used to silence people who might be demanding for their rights, can be used in imposing your will on others forcefully and it can also be used to suppress and deny people to enjoy their rights. The meaning of using Political power negatively was clearly represented in the book ‘Animal Farm’ By George Orwell who Portrays how the negative use of political power. However, although George Orwell predominantly represents a negative use of Political power, it is highly unlikely that the acquisition of political power does not always lead to negative outcomes. The positive side political power is that it can be used in suppressing external aggression that might be directed to a particular state. It is power that a country or a state has that prevents other nations from interfering with the internal affairs of a country. This power is seen when military personnel are placed along the borderline that might be used by the aggressors in attacking. Any state that is unable to protect its national affairs is not worthy to be a sovereign state. This is because a sovereign state is that state that has its government, territory, and citizens and is able to protect its interests as well as the interests of the slate. This power is clearly portrayed in (Orwell G. I956; 45-54) when Mr. Jones armed with a shotgun appeared in what seemed to be a trial to recapture the animal farm. Mr. Jones together with about six men descended on the animal farm through the five barred gate carrying weapons like sticks but me Jones had a gun. He talked to his neighboring farmers Nilkington and Fredrick to help him in recapturing the farm. Finally the animals were able to chase these men out thus, they successfully safeguarded their sovereignty. This fight came to be named as â€Å"The battle of the cowshed† during their victory celebration. Another example of when power is used to prevent external aggression is of Cuba when what seemed to be self exiled Cubans who had sought refuge in United States of America turned to be rebels and attacked their own country with the help from USA. Fidel Castro organized his military men and within a short time the rebellion was crushed. Fidel had overestimated their power by directing all his military force on his enemies. Were it not for his powerful army, the rebels could have subjugated his country. Secondly, power can be used to suppress internal resistance or rebellion. When people start opposing the government that is place for no good reason, the country destabilizes, peace deteriorates and the economy of the country collapses. To prevent all these misfortunes, states use power in preventing or crushing those rebellions. This either done peacefully through dialogue but if it fails to be productive then, the only other alternative is to use force. A classic example of this is in the animal farm where snowball and Napoleon disagreed on the idea of constructing a windmill that would generate electric power that would be used in pumping water in each stall as well as heating these rooms. To show his displeasure, Napoleon decided to pee on Mr. Snowball’s sketches. Later when the animals convened for the weekly meeting, Snowball tried selling his idea to them but Napoleon appeared with nine veracious dogs that he had been rearing in secret. They descended on Snowball who fled out of the farm. When other animals tried to protest, a trained sheep silenced them by bleating at the top of her voice while singing that â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad† while those dogs barked loudly (Orwell G., 1956; 85-90) Thirdly, power can be used in promoting and maintaining internal peace and stability. A good government is that which is capable of maintaining peace and providing security to its people. No government can do this if it does not have the required mandate or power to do so. A government is said to be in power if it is capable of commanding its police and its army. This is also clearly exemplified in the (Orwell G., 1956; 94-96) Napoleon who became the sole ruler after chasing Snowball became the one who controlled the dogs that he was rearing in order to achieve power. He used these dogs in reinforcing laws and ensuring that the animals obeyed the laws and ensuring that the animals obeyed the laws to the letter. Another example where power is used to maintain order is in the states of America. Every state has its governor, and its law enforcement agencies. The main aim of this is to ensure that people do not break the rule of law and abide by it. Just like the way police shoot criminals, that is what Napoleon’s dogs did. For example they ripped open the throats of the four pigs which confessed to have protested against the actions of Napoleon. (Grayston L.2000: 58-62) Fourth, power can be used to influence other people in taking or following certain desired course of action. For example, people, who are regarded as experts, have certain influential power. People tend to believe them and are assumed to know everything. Also if you are believed to have good characteristics, then you can highly influence others for example Oprah Winfrey is much capable of persuading and influencing many people in the whole world because of his attitude of believing in herself. For example, the squalor used his oratory skills to influence other animals. He even applied gestures to emphasize his points. Squalor that had round cheeks and shrilled voice tone talked brilliantly and when arguing a difficulty points, he swayed from side to side something that attracted many animals not forgetting the wagging and whisking of his tail. (Orwell G., 1956; 36) Power can positively used to create regimes, state or dynasties. Most dynasties in bible came to be because of power. This was after defeating many simple communities who were obstacles to their development here power was used to crush their resistance. This also happened in the same and made it to reach to its highest power levels. (Seagrave S. 1986; 103) On the other side of the coin, power can be destructive in that it can be used as a tool for establishing dictatorship or anarchism.   Here individuals misuse power so that they would become authoritarians. In dictatorial regimes the leader is above the law thus, no law on the land that is applicable to him. In other words, his deeds are not subject to questioning. This power misuse is evident in the Animal Farm (Orwell G., 1956; 42-47) Napoleon and Snowball were both pigs who almost disagreed in every thing. The final straw came when they disagreed on a project to construct a windmill that would generate electricity power to the farm. Napoleon used his secret weapon, nine dogs that were secretly reared to attack Snowball and chasing him away. They were both supposed to be the leaders of this farm but Napoleon usurped it after snowball was chased. These dogs were like policemen. They defended his laws, enforced it and offered him protection. He never walked outside alone without being accompanied by these dogs on both sides. He used these powers to alter the law as he pleased without consulting anyone and used his dogs to impose it on other animals. Another case where political power was used to create dictatorship is in Italy and Germany. Mussolini and Hitler used their political powers to ascend to power. They used the same force to clear anybody who stayed on their way. The same force was used to suppress their subjects in to submission of their laws. Hitler killed about six million Jews using his troops. After the First World War, he conquered and acquired other countries’ territories by force. Though this stabilized his country, it destabilized others. For example France lost its two provinces; Lorraine and Alsace to Germany. (Richard E., 2005: 250-252) It is used to silencing the voice of the people especially when they are demanding for their rights. This mostly is applied to those individuals who hold different opinions about the government or those who are referred to as radicalists. These are the people who are the watchdogs of human rights or whistle blowers. Many regimes have been noted to have used their political powers to silence these people either by giving them death threats or they are arrested and never tried. A good example of where power was misused in this way was in the Animal Farm. Napoleon used his veracious dogs to silence his fellow animals by killing them. For instance, the four pigs who protested after napoleon victimized snowball were killed. Their throats were ripped open by these dogs. Also the hen ringleaders who were protesting against lack of enough food and yet they were expected to lay eggs which would be used in buying grains for other animals to eat. They were killed immediately after they confessed that they incited other hens to lay their eggs from rafters so that they could smash on the ground. (Orwell G., 1956; 95) Also power is negatively used by leaders to protect their personal interests as opposed to those of the majority. Leaders change or alter laws so as to suit their selfish ends. For example in the past there was a law that said that four legs were good and two legs bad. This was made with an objective of discouraging any relationship with human beings but later after there was a shortage of seeds and other supplies, the pigs started trading with people in their neighborhood. A law that prohibited animals from sleeping in beds was altered to read that â€Å"No animal shall sleep in bed with sheets† this was altered with a motive of allowing the pigs to sleep in bed but without sheets. Another power misuse is of leaders who kill their opponents. Some people use their political powers in clearing these people who they refer as obstacles. Saddam was said to have killed about hundred and forty eight Shiites who were against his government. (Joseph B. 2003; 125) Political powers can be used in acquiring the properties of others illegally. When state of lawlessness exists, the strong ones take those of the weak. It is misused by avaricious leaders in amassing wealth by illegal means for example, (Orwell G.1956; 34-35) manor a 12 years boar who had earlier won the farm’s prize called a meeting of all the animals so that he could tell them about his dream and the prophesies he had. He also taught them a song called (Beasts of England). After he died, his prophesy and dream came true when Snowball and Napoleon rebelled against Mr. Jones land after he became obsessed with beer. He never fed his animals and this forced them to break in to the grain store. When Mr. Jones came with his hired men, the animals chased them away and usurped the power. After looking critically looking the pros and cons of political power, the positive side or the pros outweighs the negative effects of power. This because power when used well it brings out significant changes like good government, external aggressions are controlled. This is what makes a state to be sovereign. Power can also be used in acquiring new territories and properties that would increase the wealth and economic base of the country whereas it can negatively impact on the type of government in place, it can be used in silencing people but this issue can be addressed by the constitution and the international criminal court. This essay can be concluded by saying that acquisition of power does not always lead to negative outcomes, as there are many positive uses of power than the negative ones. The positive uses are like protecting the nation against external attacks, maintaining peace, crushing rebellions within the state, to positively influence people and on the other hand it can be misused in bringing anarchy, suppressing the subject from airing their grievances, leaders imposing their will on others and when used uncontrollably it can lead to abuse of human rights. Reference: Seagrave Sterling. The Soong Dynasty. Harper:   trade paperback publisher. Seagrave   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sterling.1985; 58 Orwell G. The Animal Farm: a Fairly Story. Signet Classic, USA. 1956. 36-96. Joseph B. The new Iraq: Rebuilding the Country for its People, the Middle East and the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   World. New York, Basic Books.   2003; 125. Scott R E: Solving the Iraq Crisis. NCY: Simon and Scruster. 2002:78 Richard E. The Dictator: Hitler’s German, Stalin’s Russia. Penguin Books. 2005: 250-  Ã‚  Ã‚   252 Grayston L. Decision for Disaster: Betrayal at the Bay of Pigs. Potomac Books Dulles    Virginia 2000; 58-62.   

alzheimers a family disease essays

alzheimers a family disease essays Alzheimer's Disease does not kill instantly; it destroys the individual bit by bit, tearing away at their person-hood and self-identity. Most victims suffer for 9 to 15 years after onset of the illness. It is the most common type of dementia in the United States and Canada and after age 40, the risk of developing it doubles with aging every 5.1 years during adults' life. A form of dementia, the DSM-IV-R's (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) criteria for diagnosing dementia include: impairment in short- and long-term memory, at least one of the following: impairment in abstract thinking, impaired judgement, other disturbances of higher cortical functioning, personality change, significant interference with work, social activities, or relationships, in addition, symptoms do not occur exclusively during the course of delirium; and specific etiologic organic factor is evidenced or can be presumed. For an individual with this terrible disease, living with memory loss and its associa ted disabilities are very frightening. Alzheimer's includes behavioral characteristics that extend beyond its cognitive explanations. These behaviors require study because of the influence on both the patient and caregiver. Treatment often looks to drugs for relief of symptoms and to slow the course of progressive decline, rather than on assisting the individual with coping mechanisms. It has been termed a "family disease", not only because of possible genetic relation between victims, but because family members provide 80 percent or more of the care giving. Chronic and progressive mental and physical deterioration decrease the victim's capacity for independence and increase the need for support from family members caring for the victim at home. The victim attempts to make sense of a seemingly new and hostile world, and this leads to dubious and uncharacteristic changes in behavior, personality, decision-making, function, and mood. Certain ...

Condensation Reaction Definition in Chemistry

Condensation Reaction Definition in Chemistry A condensation reaction is a chemical reaction between two compounds where one of the products is water, ethanol, acetic acid,  hydrogen sulfide, or ammonia. A condensation reaction is also known as a  dehydration reaction. This type of reaction forms an addition product and water in the presence of a catalyst or under acidic or basic conditions. The opposite of a condensation reaction is a hydrolysis reaction. Condensation Reaction Examples Reactions that produce acid anhydrides are condensation reactions. For example: acetic acid (CH3COOH) forms acetic anhydride ((CH3CO)2O) and water by the condensation reaction2 CH3COOH → (CH3CO)2O H2OCondensation reactions are also involved in the production of many polymers. In organisms, biosynthesis reactions form peptide bonds between amino acids and are involved in fatty acid formation. Examples of named condensation reactions include aldol condensation, Dieckman condensation, Clasien condensation, and Knoevenagel condensation reactions. Sources Bruckner, Reinhard (2002). Advanced Organic Chemistry (First ed.). San Diego, California: Harcourt Academic Press. pp. 414–427. ISBN 0-12-138110-2.Condensation Reaction. IUPAC Copendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book). IUPAC.Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith; Pratt, Chriss (2008). Fundamentals of Biochemistry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons, Inc. p. 88. ISBN 978-0470-12930-2.

Major Case Analysis Daughtery v. City of Maryland Heights, 231 S.W.3D Study

Major Analysis Daughtery v. City of Maryland Heights, 231 S.W.3D 814 (MO. Banc 2007) - Case Study Example In his termination, the City of Maryland Heights maintained that he was not in a position to carry out some essential tasks of his job as he began to suffer from complications that occurred from the accident. He was provided with an option of taking an early disability retirement to avoid termination. However, upon refusal to exercise the option, the City of Maryland Heights terminated him. The physical problems experienced by Daugherty started shortly after he commenced working as an officer in Maryland heights after an accident caused by a drunken truck driver while on duty supervising an accident scene. The accident caused him serious back injuries that kept him from working for over twelve months. However, he later resumed his active duty. After approximately twelve years later, Daugherty was promoted to be a captain. Shortly after the promotion, Daugherty did not attend several months of work as a result of complications from his previous back injury. Later, in 2002, the City of Maryland Heights required that Daugherty should undergo an examination of his health status to determine if he was fit for his duty. The deputy Chief of the Police for the City of Maryland Heights created a memorandum to be used in the evaluation of Daugherty health status, emphasizing on what he believed to be essential for Daugherty’s job. The memorandum was created using both the City’s official description as well as the Deputy Chief’s personal beliefs about what was required of an employee in the position of Daugherty, many of which were very demanding than those listed in the in the official description. However, other officers in the department testified that the position of Daugherty was viewed as a supervisory position. Thus, it was highly unlikely that Daugherty would ever experience a situation that would require strenuous physical activity. The report provided by the physician stated that Daugherty was not able to perform any duty listed in the memo randum. Finally, the City of Maryland heights terminated Daugherty’s employment. Upon learning of the decision to terminate him, Daugherty made an appointment with his supervisor to discuss the decision. However, unknown the supervisor, Daugherty decided to make an audio recording of the conversation between him and the supervisor. In the conversation, the supervisor stated that the City of Maryland Height’s administrator had an intention of getting rid of employees over 55 years old since their salaries were very costly to the City. Daugherty received the right-to sue letter from the Missouri Commission of Human Rights and brought suit in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County. He alleged that his termination was as a result of his age and disability. Daugherty appealed to the Missouri Supreme Court that reversed the decision of the lower courts. The Laws violated in the case The legal backgrounds provided by the Missouri Human Rights Act (MHRA) render it unlawful for an employer to terminate an employee from employment because of race, color, disability, religion, sex, or national origin. Therefore, an employee who believes that the employer has violated the MHRA must file a complaint with the commission. Final verdict of the Court In the Daugherty v, City of Maryland Heights, case number 231 S.W 3D 814 (Mo. 2007) the Missouri Supreme Court acknowledged that the discrimination safeguards under the MHRA are not

The management of oil & gas revenue in Norway Essay

The management of oil & gas revenue in Norway - Essay Example The development of Norwegian and Norwegian based petroleum expertise has been an important factor in Norwegian petroleum policy. (Karl 1997) Initially, there was a strong element of knowledge transfer from foreign oil companies and supply/service companies, but today Norway has a highly developed and internationally competitive petroleum industry. This applies to oil companies, the supply industry and research institutions alike. The industry provides a powerful boost for innovation and technology development to other sectors of the Norwegian economy. (Smith 2004: 234)Supply companies in Norway are active along most of the supply chain - from exploration and development to production and disposal. In a number of areas, Norwegian suppliers are among the world leaders, in particular in seismic surveying, subsea installations and floating production systems. They are present in all of the country's counties. Local and regional economies have petroleum activities that extend to a relativ ely high degree even to areas of the country not normally associated with petroleum activities. The Norwegian Directorate of Labour's latest survey, from 2003, showed that more than 75,000 people are employed in the petroleum industry in Norway. (Smith 2004: 234)Al-Moneef (1998) examines the vertical integration strategies of the national oil companies (NOC). With the changes in the market structure from an oligopolistic (international oil majors in control) to a cartel (the governments of OPEC in control) ultimately led to a separation.

Human trafficking on women in hawaii or united states vs foreign Essay

Human trafficking on women in hawaii or united states vs foreign countries like india or china - Essay Example According to Fagan Brian, Human trafficking often involves the use of threats, false promise, force and trickery. The victims are usually sexually exploited; the sexual practices they engage in include sex shows, pornography, mail order brides, brothel prostitution, sex tours and serial sponsorship. Trafficking in women and girls has become an international business in Hawaii as well as other countries; especially in U.S. it is regarded as a migration issue, which leads to responses that will demand efforts to illegally cross the border. Taran and Gloria argues that, Hawaii is a logical transit destination where trafficking is very high. Research by Fagan shows how Alec Sou, William Khoo and Mike Sou conspired and devised a scheme so that they can obtain the labor of Thai nationals. They entice them to come into their farms in Hawaii, with false promises of good jobs. Furthermore, they make arrangements for high recruitment fee, which attract many jobless women from countries like China. According to Taran and Gloria, Hawaii is the first state to criminalize the activities related to sex trafficking in women. A new law was formulated; a law that recognize the relationship between trafficking and tourism. The major activities that contribute to trafficking in Hawaii include prostitution and other related activities (Fagan Brian. 2007). The state of Hawaii has developed a legislation that would campaign against sex tourism and sex trade in general. According to Taran and Gloria, the case of human trafficking is being prosecuted by Human trafficking prosecution unit. The case is conducted by the Hawaii department of public safety; this is the top priority of justice department. However, human trafficking is the fastest developing industry in Hawaii and United States. People trafficking continue to rise in number. Human trafficking throughout international and local borders requires collaboration and cooperation between countries or states involved. For instance to transport trafficked women from China to Hawaii, the two states have to collaborate and cooperate in order to perform human trafficking successfully. The major destination for the traffickers (U.S. and all 50 states including Hawaii), must come up with a domestic response to this alarming crisis. Violence against women and girls is defined as a national policy issue in Hawaii. However, sometimes, it is considered an individual problem that is not relevant to a public subject. In other words, trafficking of women and children should be viewed as a wide context of labor migration and transportation of persons from crisis situations and conflict areas as internally displaced people and refugees (Taran Patrick and Gloria Moreno 2007). An effective analysis should address the issues of women trafficking so that the federal government can be able to come up with policies, which can be implemented to control the crisis. Fagan claims that, women trafficking should be recognized as a component of population mobility and labor migration that ranges across seasonal and temporary population movement; movements that are intended to be temporary may sometimes turn to seasonal or permanent. This is because the victims may decide to remain in the destination place as a permanent migrant. On the other hand, China has had tragic stories about immigrants who migrate to Hawaii and other countries in U.S.

Business arena Essay Example for Free

Business arena Essay Recent years have demonstrated that a lack of unity exists within the business arena compared to the synergistic methods in which trade unions execute their policies. This must be considered another of the drawbacks of the existence of interest groups. This has resulted in costly political campaigning for Australian businesses (Bell, 0000). The number of organisations that attempt to represent their interests at the political level has become such a complex and tangled web that it is often unprofitable for to do business in such a scene (Matthews). Such action often bring great expense and yet offer little real guarantee of success (Coutskorais, 0000, p. 80). Such organisations in Australia as the Minerals Council of Australia (which represents the particular industry) and Surfer’s Paradise Chamber of Commerce (which represents regional membership) exist for the profitable purpose of (among other things) promoting competition among businesses and the consequent improvement of policies (Matthews, 0000, 75) Despite the clear benefits that interest groups can provide, some drawbacks do exist when one considers their impact on the politics of a country. It is usually necessary to be careful that certain interest groups do not become too powerful and end up coercing government to adversely affect policy changes (Apollonio Bero, 2007). The two Australian interest groups previously mentioned are cases in point, as they represent very powerful organizations that have at least a large potential to urge the implementation of any of the policies they devise. Care must be taken that the policies they advocate really do consider the interest of the public. One major reason why such care must be taken is the fact that these interest groups are never guaranteed to possess equity in their actions. Because they take a particular stand on an issue, their interest is likely to exclude the interest of several others who have opposing views. Furthermore, interest groups have the general privilege of making donations to political parties. This is a lobbying technique that has been around for decades, but may give a political edge to such groups that have the greatest means of funding such campaigns (2007). Some interest groups have outsider status, and this means that they attempt to influence policy by altering public opinion (Evans, year. p. 84). Such groups may prove both beneficial and detrimental to the politics of a country. The detriment comes where such groups falsify or misrepresent information to the public in order to convince them (and their political candidates) to act in the behalf of the group. One group which has historically been seen in this light is the tobacco industry-front group. According to researchers Appollonio Bero, â€Å"The tobacco industry has a history of misrepresenting scientific evidence† (2007, p.419). The researchers go on to point out that the industry has created what seems to be an unaffiliated interest group which presents â€Å"its antiregulation agenda as an expression of popular will, and allowed industry lobbyists access to policymakers who were otherwise unwilling to work with them† (2007, p. 419). This presents a very unfavourable view of political interest groups. However, positive effects of this attempt to influence the public may occur in the form of debates between/among opposing groups, through which the public becomes more informed about the policies being advocated by each. Furthermore, since each group represents a social movement made up of people who share values and see eye to eye on certain matters of concern, these groups provide a forum or network of communication that has the potential to provide a series of checks and balances amongst themselves and within the government (Marsh, 2000). Overall, the action groups that exist within Australia to lobby for the interests of the people have a predominantly positive impact on the Australian society. Such organizations as the Boy’s Club, Gay rights, and animal liberation groups offer protection and a voice for these minorities in the decision-making sectors of the government. Such groups also speak for such issues as gun control, military disarmament, and the protection of the environment. These interest groups possess the expertise and the experience to speak persuasively in the behalf of their interests, and also have the ability to aid in the execution of policies once they have been adopted by the political bodies. The media has the positive effect of promoting the accountability of the government, and of other businesses that my have formed ties with members of the government. However, the highly structured and powerful nature of certain interest groups, while they have the power to get things done within the government, also have the power to wrongly influence the government on their behalf. It is therefore necessary to take care in the freedom with which such groups are allowed to act. References van Acker, E. Curran, G. (eds. ) 2004, Governing Business and Globalisation, (2nd edn. ) Pearson, Frenchs Forest. Ang, J C. Boyer. 2007, â€Å"Finance and politics: the wealth effects of special interest group influence during the nationalisation and privatisation of Conrail. † Cambridge Journal of Economics. vol. 31, no. 2, pp 193-216. Apollonio, D. E. L. A. Bero. 2007, â€Å"Finance and politics: the wealth effects of special interest group influence during the nationalisation and privatisation of Conrail. † American Journal of Public Health. vol. 97, no 3, pp 419-428. BCA. (2007). â€Å"Our Structure. † Business Council of Australia. Melbourne, VIC. Retrieved on May 8, 2007 from http://www. bca. com. au/Content. aspx? ContentID=100827 Hague, R. M. Harrop, S. Breslin. 1994, Political Science: A Comparative Introduction. St. Martin Press, New York. Gray, V. D. Lowery. 2000, Population Ecology of Interest Representation : Lobbying Communities in the American States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. Greenemeier, L J. N. Hoover. 2007, â€Å"Advocacy, Inc. † InformationWeek. no. 1121, pp 38-46. Hollander, R. â€Å"Name of Chapter or Essay. † (2006). Eccleston, R, Williams, P. Hollander, R. (Eds. ). Foundations of Australian Politics. Pearson Education, Sydney. Marsh, I. 2000, â€Å"Gaps in Policy-making capacities; interest groups, social movements, think tanks and the media. † in M. Keating, J. Wanna P. Weller (eds. ) Institutions on the Edge: Capacity for Governance. Allen Unwin, St Leonard’s. Parkin, A, Summers, J. Woodward, D. (eds. ) 2006, Government, Politics, Power and Policy in Australia, (8th ed. ) Pearson, French’s Forest. Chapter 17. Singleton, G et al. 2006, Interest Groups’ in Australian Political Institutions. 8th edn. Pearson, French’s Forest.. Ward, I. R. G. Stewart. 2006, Ch. 12, ‘Pressure Groups and Social Movements’ in Politics One, 3rd edn. , Palgrave. Macmillan, South Yarra. Weitzel, P. 2004, â€Å"Joining with non-media organization can help win access battle. † The Quill. vol. 92, no 7, pp 20-21.

Perceptions Of Male Nurses About Nursing Profession Nursing Essay

Perceptions Of Male Nurses About Nursing Profession Nursing Essay Nursing is feminized profession by its nature, and traditional development of its concept of caring to sick for centuries. Nursing has been stereotyped as a female dominated profession since the time of Florence Nightingale, worldwide (Yang, Gau, Shiau, Hu, Shish, 2004; Saritas, Karadag, Yildirim 2009). Before the Crimean war, men had the responsibility to provide basic care to the wounded. However, from that war to the present, nursing profession began to be dominated by female (Yang et al., 2004). Although the evolution of men into nursing profession has been increased over the past two decades, but still men constitute a small number of the nursing population. It is also noticed that women are moving into previously male dominated professions, such as medicine, law, and business, due to support provided to them to enter in men dominated professions. However, the movement of males into nursing profession is slow because of lack of attention and support given to them to enter into female dominated profession (Meadus 2000). Nursing is a profession established by women that supports the stereotypical feminine image with qualities of nurturing, and caring, in contrast to masculine characteristics of strength, aggression, and dominance (Evans, 1997; Mackintosh, 1997; Maclhail, 1996; as cited by Meadus 2000). Now the question is that, what happened when men enter in nursing profession? Mens choice of nursing as a career is likely to be colored by practical concerns, such as hand some salary, job security, chances of promotion, and family support (Anthony 2006). Furthermore, Anthony (2006) argued that caring is the crucial element of nursing and men should demonstrate caring attitudes, as they are socialized to lack of visible expression of emotions as compared to women, who display caring behaviors and open expression of emotions. In a female dominant profession, being a male faces many problems, however, studies have shown significance advantages for men in nurs ing profession, because men have potentials of high tech specialties in nursing, such as intensive care, operation abilities, and physical strength, which increase the demand of male nurses in this profession (Wang et al., 2011). Purpose of Paper The purpose of the study is to explore the perceptions of male nurses about the nursing profession. Furthermore, to identify the reasons for choosing nursing as a career, and to discover the barriers in practice, and factors that affecting male nurses practices. Research Question My research question is: What are the perceptions of male nurses about nursing profession? Search Methods The search strategy involved four electronic data bases which are; Science Direct, Pub Med, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Key words, which were used: male nurses, nursing profession, male nurse and nursing profession, and perception of male nurses about nursing profession. General to specific strategy was followed by refining from general to specific, and filtrated according to date and key terms. The search was conducted in light of key terms as general, from 2004 to 2013, and from 2010 to 2013. Fourteen articles were found relevant to my topic. Detail given in the table attached in appendix A. Review of Literature The influx of men in nursing profession has been increased throughout the world, but still men contain very little population among nurses. Canadian Nurses Association (2005) reported 5.6 percent of the nurses in Canada were men, while the Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources and Services Administration of United States (2004) reported; men comprise 5.8 percent of the registered nurses (Twomey Meadus, 2008). There are certain barriers for men while entering in nursing profession. Males have concerns related to stereotyping and role strains, particularly in relation to patient care, as patients expecting female nurses to care for them, which cause difficulty in adjustment for men in nursing profession (Stott, 2004). Few studies have been conducted related to my research question, in which some have highlighted the perceptions of male nurses and student male nurses, and to explore the difficulties for men in nursing profession. In one of the studies, Wang et al. (2011) explored the male student nurses perceptions of the nursing profession and their learning experiences in a baccalaureate nursing program in Changsha, China. They used phenomenological approach and methodological frame work to guide their study. The study participants were fifteen male nursing students of degree program, and male nurses who were recently graduated. In depth interviews were methodology for the collection of data from the participants. Software Nvivo 8.0 was used for data analysis and six themes emerged from the data. The findings of the study revealed that out of 15 participants only one chose nursing as a key profession, while fourteen were assigned in nursing program after failure to get admission in other disciplines. The majority of participants expressed studying nursing as no other option, failure, or an error. They also felt that patients trust on doctors more than nurses, and patients prefer female nurses while giving c are and medicine to them. The participants were uncomfortable with the nursing skills and tend these skills to be feminine, and fit for female to perform. The male nurses worked in hospital with nursing staff having low level of education and they believed that the level of nursing research and practice is also very low as compared to physicians. The male students were uncomfortable in class room because of small numbers and dissatisfied from teaching activities, due to without considering of their learning needs. They have sense of inferiority while facing the society, and felt embarrassed being as a nurse. Some were not interested in bedside nursing and had goals to achieve higher education, and to get management posts. This study is contextual and cannot be generalized because it was conducted in one university and the perceptions explored were from students and novice nurses. In another study, Stott (2007) report the finding of the study that investigated the factors affecting both the academic and clinical performance of male nursing students at a regional Australian university. Descriptive, qualitative design was chosen for the study. The participants of the research were eight male nursing students of undergraduate program at university in Australia. In depth interviews and written narratives in form of diary were used for data collection, and methodology used for data analysis was thematic analysis. The results of the study revealed that male nursing students have certain problems in academic and clinical setting. Different themes were identified from interviews and narratives. The main theme emerged from the data is, sense of feeling of isolation of male students during their study, and they were in ambiguity to continue or switch off the nursing field. Few of the informants described that they felt embarrassed while performing certain skills in clin ical area, as a male. Some were worried, whether it could be possible to fulfill nursing role as caring and role model. The participants also acknowledged that nursing is a caring profession and hence, it is strongly identified with being a female. The students explored the affect of traditional role and expectation of society from them as a male. In such stereotypical views, it would cause problems for them in their practical life. These comments are similar to the findings by Wang et al. (2010) who reported the same queries raised by male nursing students. There are certain limitations in the above both studies. First, both studies were conducted in one university only. Second, the studies explored the perceptions of undergraduate students and novice nurses. These cannot represent the true image of male nurses perception about nursing profession, and hurdles which male nurses are experiencing and are facing in the real scenario. The generalizations of both studies are limited to their specific universities. Despite of certain barriers, men are entering in the female dominant profession. Now the question is that, are men nurses satisfied with their choice of career? In their study, Twomey and Meadus (2008) explore, why men choose nursing profession, barriers experiencing in their practical life, and to identify the factors of male nurses satisfaction. Descriptive study design was used to explore the opinions of sixty two registered nurses through survey. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire developed by the authors. No reliable instrument for examining mens career choice and barriers specific to nursing was used. The findings reveal that the common purposes of becoming a nurse were job security, career opportunities, and the salary. Only nine participants chose nursing because of caring profession. Common barriers expressed was, being a male in female dominant profession were: sexual stereotypes, female oriented profession, and lack of recruitment strategies. All respond ents stated that there is lack of recruitment initiatives to consider nursing as a career of choice for men. This study has certain limitations, it cannot be generalized due to small sample size, and the study was conducted in only one province of the Canada. The questionnaire should be refined and re tested by using a large sample size. The authors also suggested that further qualitative investigation should be made to identify the career satisfaction among male nurses. Conclusion After reviewing the available literature, nursing profession is feminine in nature. Men constitute very small proportion of nurses population. Since last two decades, male entrance to nursing profession has been increased, despite of challenges face by men in academic and practical settings. It is identified that nursing is not a major career of choice for men. The literature review helped me to identify the gaps. Most of the studies are qualitative, and focused only on male student nurses perceptions towards nursing profession. There is a need to explore the perceptions of registered male nurses about nursing profession, identify the barriers that men are facing, and to elaborate the feelings of satisfaction to choose nursing as a career. Therefore, an exploratory descriptive qualitative nursing design is felt appropriate to explore the issue. Restated Research Question My modified research question after the literature review is; what are the perceptions of male nurses about nursing profession and factors affecting their practices? Philosophical Underpinning The issues of male nurses need to be addressed, as their practices would have direct negative effects on patient care and the profession as well. This study will help to explore the perceptions of male nurses about nursing profession and to identify the factors affecting their professional life. Furthermore, this study will provide a base line data for future recommendations and interventions to overcome the concerns of male nurses.

Teenage Violence In Schools Essay -- School Violence Essays

Page #1 Teenage violence in schools has become a tremendous concern to many people. School violence over the past number of years has been increasing and family life, the things that occur in schools and the neighborhoods that the teenagers (that commit the crimes or violent acts) live in are some of the major factors. These are not necessarily the only causes to teenage violence. Family Lifestyle and the behavior of members within the family have been shown to have a direct affect on a teenager’s behavior in school. A child can be influenced very easily by any older person, especially a family member, because he always looks up to that family member. If a person in the family is involved in a criminal activity then the children can be turned on by this and become interested in doing the same thing. If the guardian or parent of a teenager does not punish him for doing something wrong, this can only lead to repetition of the bad behavior. Failure to stop a child from doing something wrong could lead the child to believe that his behavior is acceptable. Also, a child thinks that the people that are supposed to love him don’t even care that he is doing something bad so he will continue to do it. Teenagers also commit acts of violence to get their parents’ attention. If parents ignore what their teenagers are doing, then the teenagers will con tinue to do more negative things just to get their parents to notice them. Another reason why family lifestyle is a cause to teen violence is, if the teenager is abandoned at a young age than there is no one to teach him wrong and right (Kim 82). Page #2 There are many different situations that can occur in school that can cause teenagers to do violent things. When a student has an argument with other students or a teacher that student may only know how to deal his anger by striking out. Often, teenagers do not know how to talk things out and instead, react violently. If a teenager doesn’t like what someone (a faculty member or another student) has said to him, he might also let out his anger in violent ways. Sometimes, even if the other person has not done anything wrong to him, but rather to another person he can still get angry (school violence). The neighborhood that a teenager lives in can also cause him to be violent. If a teen lives in a bad neighborhood, where violent acts are going on all the time (besides for w... ...omputers (Landau 81).† Reducing or stopping teenage violence can be very difficult. But there are many ways to do it. One way is to stop the violence before by having in-school programs to teach students what is wrong and what is right (to the ones that really don’t know). The schools can have classes to teach the parents good parenting skills, such as getting more involved with their child’s schoolwork, programs and activities. Another idea is to have after school programs, just so the teenagers will not be out on the streets where they may be influenced to commit crimes or engage in violent activities. Rehabilitation programs are also a very good idea. Helping students become better kids (not doing violent things) does not only have to be done in school it can also be done outside of school, in synagogues, churches or programs in the local park. Family life, the things that occur in school and the neighborhoods that the teenagers live in are some of the Page #6 major causes of teen violence in school. If the families, the schools (faculty) and the neighborhoods help these violent teenagers then in the future there won’t be this problem anymore (or it will at least be reduced).

Knowledge workers Essay

Knowledge workers are the valuable asset of the company and their management is known as knowledge management. They contribute towards improved productivity and management that leads to success of the organization therefore their role is very important and new organizations should implement it in their culture. There is no limit or boundaries to acquire knowledge or to explore it and knowledge management is one of its kinds. The interview with Karl-Erik Sveiby indicates his familiarization with this concept and his role in the promotion of knowledge management. Karl came across this term when he started working in his own publishing company. It was at this time that his urge to know more about the term knowledge management developed when he saw knowledge workers in his own company. It is a knowledge based strategy some what close to the concept of learning organization. , it improves the functioning of the business therefore it is also known as the competence based strategy. Karl’s interest in it grew over the years especially in the 1990’s as he had passion for creativity and creating value at work through people and environment, moreover the trend was changing from IT towards the people. His urge for tacit knowledge has led him to work on aboriginal knowledge creation for the time being. He believed computers can also play a role in this work as well through the development of tools that contribute towards creativity such as simulations and educational tools. Knowledge management helps in formulating strategies, development of tools and engagement of people into work. Karl has been inspired by new ideas through interaction with the people around him apart from the formal network of people which is a usual way and various thought leaders too such as Marshall McLuhan. He wrote a book named Invisible balance sheet in the year 1989 which got overwhelming response from people who imitated it and used it as their work but a lot of people don’t know that Karl was the original source of these new ideas introduced such as four power players and intangible resources like customer capital, structural capital, and human capital. He believed in sharing the knowledge in humanity and has given access to his work online free of charge to download for everyone including his books, he has got a lot of appreciation from the people for his work and ideas though there are people who have copied his work. Karl has got intangible value in return as a reward of working with gifted people for the benefit of everyone and he is satisfied with this opportunity to learn as a reward. These tools and ideas are to be used to improve people and their thinking. Organizations should implement this in their work to make it a better place. Knowledge and technology should be used to have better control over people rather than it taking over people completely. People exploit the concepts by copying them for their own benefit rather than humanity. Finland is one of the countries which is working on knowledge based policies far ahead than any other country and has embraced it but yet again it needs to be done widely in order to see results. This concept does not change any organization, it depends on the top management that they realize its potential and ingrain in into the business in order to use knowledge as a tool for better management of resources and the organization as a whole.

Encourage Children to Participate in Sports Essay

2. Participation in sports gives a child a higher level of self-esteem and a more positive outlook on life. 3. Children who participate in sports experience lower levels of depression. 4. Children who participate in sports have more positive body image and experience higher states of psychological well-being than those who do not play sports. 5. It teaches child teamwork, goal-setting, and the pursuit for excellence. 6. Adults that were active in sports and recreational activities feel greater confidence in their physical and social selves than those who were sedentary as kids. 7. Sports help develop leadership skills. 8. Children learn how to deal with failures and how it feels to be successful. 9. Sports can teach us to take appropriate risks and to be aggressive when needed. 10. Sports foster bonding friendships. 11. Children improve their skills. 12. Children who participate in sports perform routine physical activity that keeps them healthy. 13. Regular physical activity among children reduces risk for obesity. 14. Children who exercise weigh less; have lower levels of blood sugar, cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as lower blood pressure, than do non-exercising children. 15. Weight-bearing exercise can help prevent osteoporosis. 16. Studies have shown that exercise reduces many health risks. 17. The children that take part in sports are less likely to get involved into anti social activities. 18. Children who exercise report being happier, having more energy and feeling they are in excellent health more often than non-exercising children. They also miss fewer days of work. 19. Regular exercise improves the overall quality of life. 20. Children learn and understand the sport all while they are having FUN!!